Comparative Genomic Hybridization (CGH) is a molecular cytogenetic technique used to detect chromosomal copy number variations (CNVs) across an entire genome. Our comparative genomic hybridization services serve as a powerful tool in research for identifying genetic abnormalities.
How CGH Works:
Comparative genomic hybridization services involve the comparison of DNA from a test sample (e.g., tumor cells) against a reference sample (e.g., normal cells). The process typically includes the following steps:
- DNA Labeling: DNA from the test and reference samples is isolated and fluorescently labeled with different fluorophores (e.g., green for test sample and red for reference).
- Hybridization: The labeled DNA from both samples is then co-hybridized to normal metaphase chromosomes or microarray slides containing immobilized DNA fragments representing the entire genome.
- Detection and Analysis: The relative fluorescence intensities of the test and reference DNA at each genomic locus are compared. Changes in DNA copy number (deletions, duplications, amplifications) in the test sample are identified based on the ratio of fluorescence signals.
- Bioinformatics Analysis: Advanced bioinformatics tools are used to analyze and interpret CGH data, identifying regions of the genome that show CNVs. This information helps in pinpointing specific genetic alterations linked to diseases or conditions.
Advantages of CGH:
- Genome-wide Analysis: CGH provides a comprehensive overview of the entire genome, allowing for the detection of CNVs across all chromosomes simultaneously.
- High Sensitivity: It can detect CNVs that are not visible under a microscope or detectable by other techniques.
- Quantitative: CGH provides quantitative data on copy number changes, offering insights into the degree of genetic alteration.
